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Types of Silicone Couplers

Choosing the right silicone coupler means choosing the right product type. Categories include silicone elbows, silicone pressure reducers, straight hoses, hump hoses and coiled hoses.

Silicone elbows contain a molded elbow (bend) that provides great flexibility. Typically, the angle of the bend is 45° or 90°. Dimensions include wall thickness, inner diameter, inner diameter, and length of leg 1 and leg 2.

Silicone reducers or silicone reducers provide a transition between different pipes or pipe sizes. Therefore, one end of the silicone coupler is larger than the other. Dimensions include hose inner diameter, hose outer diameter and length

Straight silicone hoses come in a variety of lengths and can be cut to size by your crew (usually with a razor) or fabricated to order. Silicone hose supports the use of metal clips and may contain fabric reinforcement.

Hump ​​hoses support slight intake adjustments and flex. They can also compensate for small deviations between metal pipes or pipes. Applications include air metering, throttle body assemblies, and inlets and outlets.

Packaging hose provides greater resistance to compression. They are wrapped in polyester mesh, fabric, or an extra layer of silicone.

Do you want to learn more about silicone tubing? Are you looking for value-added manufacturing? Do you need a complete sealing and insulation solution? To get started, contact hiwowsport.

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What is a silicone tube?

The silicone tube is made of silicone rubber raw rubber and added to the twin-roll rubber mixer or closed kneader, gradually adding silica and other additives, and repeatedly refining it evenly. Conductive silicone rubber for the electronics industry. 

Common silicone tubes include: medical silicone tubes, food-grade silicone tubes, industrial silicone tubes, silicone special-shaped tubes, and silicone tube accessories. 

 Medical silicone tube is mainly used for medical device accessories and medical catheters. It adopts antibacterial design to ensure safe use.

Food grade silicone tube is used for water dispenser, coffee machine diversion pipe, and waterproof line protection of household appliances. Industrial silicone tube is used for special chemical, electrical and other special environmental protection carrier circulation, using special performance silica gel.

Working principle of silicone tube principle:

The adsorption principle of silicone tube and activated carbon is different. Activated carbon can adsorb organic substances and can absorb anything; the adsorption principle of silicone tube is not as extensive as that of activated carbon, and it can not adsorb all substances; for example, it can adsorb metal Substances will not produce adsorption, and there will be no adsorption for dry substances. For soft bodies and light objects, the adsorption principle will occur.

Silicone tube application application:

  1. Transportation: Application in shipbuilding industry.
  2. Radio, motor: in the telecommunications industry.
  3. Instruments, instrumentation industry applications.
  4. Application in aviation industry.
  5. Applicable to home appliances, lighting, medical, beauty salon equipment, etc.
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What are the advantages of silicone tubing compared to rubber tubing?

First of all, we can see the difference between silicone tube and rubber tube by comparing materials. The silicone tube has no smell. The hose has an unpleasant odor, and the silicone hose is generally more flexible. The mechanical properties of the hose are better.

Silicone tube has some advantages, such as: high and low temperature (-60℃ to 200℃), environmental protection, non-toxic, high temperature resistance, oxygen aging resistance, ozone aging, light aging, weather aging, softness, arc, corona resistance

The biggest feature of the silicone tube is that it can resist temperature changes from -60 to 250 degrees.

Performance: cold resistance, high temperature resistance, non-toxic and tasteless,

Application: Small household appliances, such as electronics, automobiles, medical and other mechanical products.

Hose performance: non-toxic, environmentally friendly, physiologically inert, anti-ultraviolet, high temperature, low temperature (-8 to 300 degrees), compression permanent non-deformation, oil resistance, high transparency, strong elasticity, poke resistance, acid and alkali resistance, resistance Grinding, burning, pressure resistance, electrical conductivity and other properties.

Scope of application: electrical appliances, electronics, furniture, equipment, toys, hardware, medical equipment, audio equipment, lighting, machinery, automobiles and other industries.

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Silicone performance

Silicone performance:

  1. Silicone products are based on silicon-oxygen (Si-O) bond as the main chain structure, the bond energy of C-C bond is 82.6 kcal/mol, and the bond energy of Si-O bond is in the organic silicon The medium is 121 kcal/mol, so the thermal stability of silicone products is high, and the chemical bonds of the molecules are not broken or decomposed under high temperature (or radiation exposure). Silicone is not only resistant to high temperatures, but also low temperatures, and can be used in a wide temperature range. Whether it is chemical properties or physical and mechanical properties, the change with temperature is very small;
  2. Electrical insulation properties. Silicone products have good electrical insulation properties, and their dielectric loss, withstand voltage, arc resistance, corona resistance, volume resistivity and surface resistivity are among the best in insulating materials, and their electrical properties are affected by temperature and frequency. impact is small. It is a stable electrical insulating material and is widely used in the electronics and electrical industries. In addition to excellent heat resistance, silicone also has excellent water repellency, which is the guarantee of high reliability of electrical equipment in wet conditions;
  3. Physiologically inert, polysiloxanes are among the most inactive compounds known. They are very resistant to biological aging, have no rejection reaction with animals, and have good anticoagulant properties;
  4. Low surface tension and low surface energy, the main chain of silicone is very flexible, and its intermolecular force is much weaker than that of hydrocarbons. Therefore, it has lower viscosity and weaker surface tension than hydrocarbons of the same molecular weight. Small surface energy and strong film-forming ability. This low surface tension and low surface energy are the main reasons for its many applications: hydrophobicity, defoaming, foam stabilization, anti-sticking, lubrication, glazing and other excellent properties.
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What is silicone?

Silicone is an inert synthetic compound that come in a variety of forms (oil, rubber, resin). Typically, heat-resistant and rubber-like, they are present in sealants, adhesives, lubricants, medical applications, cookware and insulation. Silicone is a polymer that contains silicon, combined with carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and, in some cases, other elements. 

Silicone Properties

Silicone, due to its polysiloxane, provide several advantages:
Thermal stability (from -80°C to 250°C)

  • Resistance to natural ageing (oxidation, UV)
  • Resistance to fire, low emission of smoke and toxic fumes, self-protection, ceramization of ashes

Low surface energy

    • Good wetting on many substrates
    • Hydrophobia (beading effect)
    • Release or adhesion properties, according to need
    • Exceptional harmlessness for a wide range of applications
    • Biocompatibility, well-suited for food contact and medical applications
    • Safe and comfortable skin contact
    • Flexible chain of up to -100°C for enhanced lubrication and gas permeability performance
    • Easy processing, excellent spread and coating capabilities
    • Available in a variety of forms – fluids, liquid silicone elastomers (LSR) and high-consistency rubbers (HCR)
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Principle and Type Analysis of Limited Slip Differential——Type

1. Torsen differential: The so-called Torsen differential is to use worm gear to achieve self-locking, which can work continuously like ordinary differentials, and has no delayed response, and does not interfere with the total torque The adjustment of the output, at this time, there is no loss of torque. Compared with the traction control and body stability control systems, it has a greater advantage in performance and is heavier in weight.

2. Helical gear differential: In fact, the principle is no different from the former, but the helical gear is parallel to the half shaft, and the helical gears are meshed with each other, which means that there will be a certain amount of wear and tear. But it will be slightly lighter in weight.

3. Mechanical differential: It mainly uses two sets of left and right pressure plate groups and clutch plates. The limited slip percentage function can be achieved by the arrangement and combination of clutch plates and pressure plates, and the response speed is very fast, but the difference between the differential oil The fluidity is relatively poor and the heat dissipation performance is not very good, so the durability is not very good.

4. Eaton differential: In fact, this differential is also a mechanical differential, but it is slightly simpler in structure than a mechanical differential. A flyweight is set in the differential housing. When the speed difference reaches When a certain value is reached, the flyweight will be locked, and the wheels on both sides will be connected linearly, so as to achieve the purpose of getting out of trouble.

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Features of friction limited slip differential

The friction differential improves the locking coefficient of the differential by increasing the internal friction during differential rotation. There are roughly three practical structures: internal friction limited-slip differential, slider cam limited-slip differential and a worm gear limited-slip differential.

The internal friction differential increases the resistance torque of differential rotation by adding friction plates between the back of the axle shaft and the differential housing. It can be divided into two categories with spring preload and no spring preload: the differential resistance torque of the differential with spring preload is basically constant, which has nothing to do with the output torque of the drive axle, so the vehicle is under light load. When turning down, the traction force generated by the outer wheels is negative, which not only reduces the power of the vehicle, but also increases the loss of tires; the non-preloaded differential needs to stack multiple friction plates behind the half shafts to achieve the required locking compact coefficient, and its structure is not compact. This type of differential has special requirements for lubricating oil, and the different requirements for oil of hyperbolic gears and friction plates should be taken into account when selecting. Because its work is relatively stable and the technology is relatively mature, it is widely used in off-road vehicles, luxury cars and construction machinery abroad. The friction differential improves the locking coefficient of the differential by increasing the internal friction during differential rotation. There are roughly three practical structures: internal friction limited-slip differential, slider cam limited-slip differential and a worm gear limited-slip differential. The internal friction differential increases the resistance torque of differential rotation by adding friction plates between the back of the axle shaft and the differential housing. It can be divided into two categories with spring preload and no spring preload: the differential resistance torque of the differential with spring preload is basically constant, which has nothing to do with the output torque of the drive axle, so the vehicle is under light load. When turning down, the traction force generated by the outer wheels is negative, which not only reduces the power of the vehicle, but also increases the loss of tires; the non-preloaded differential needs to stack multiple friction plates behind the half shafts to achieve the required locking compact coefficient, and its structure is not compact. This type of differential has special requirements for lubricating oil, and the different requirements for oil of hyperbolic gears and friction plates should be taken into account when selecting. Because its work is relatively stable and the technology is relatively mature, it is widely used in off-road vehicles, luxury cars and construction machinery abroad.

The slider cam type limited slip differential has a wide range of applications, and the main components include the differential case, the slider, and the inner and outer cams. According to the different installation direction of the slider, it can be divided into radial slider type and axial slider type; according to the different number of slider installation rows, it can be divided into single row slider type and double row slider type. When the adhesion coefficients of the left and right wheels and the road surface are different, and the ratio of the two does not exceed the locking coefficient, the slider cam differential can ensure that the wheels with poor adhesion coefficients do not slip. When the adhesion of the left and right wheels to the road surface is good, the left and right wheels can roll normally according to the motion requirements and maintain good steering performance. However, the structure of this type of differential is relatively complex, and the requirements for molding, materials, chemical treatment, heat treatment, etc. are relatively high, so the cost is also relatively high. 

Worm gear limited-slip differentials are mainly used in trucks, off-road vehicles and road tractors, and can cope with various complex road conditions. Currently, the most widely used is the Torsen differential. The Torsen differential was developed by Gleason Company in the United States. [3] It makes full use of the self-locking and high-friction characteristics of the worm gear, so that the locking coefficient of the differential has been greatly improved. Torsen differentials have reliable performance and compact structure. They can not only automatically prevent slippage, but also automatically adjust the locking coefficient according to the different turning radius and road driving conditions. However, when the torque difference is large, this type of differential will automatically lock, which affects the normal differential function. Therefore, this type of differential is generally not used as a wheel on the steering drive axle. Differential used.

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Frition Plate Limited Slip Differential(LSD) explained

Frition Plate Limited Slip Differential(LSD) essentially consists of an ordinary bevel gear differential combined with friction plates which can (partially) engage the side gears to the differential cage. The larger the torque, the greater the locking effect.

The friction plates usually have a spline connection with the side gears. The outer plates are usually connected with a sliding connection to the differential cage. The outer plates will always have the same speed as the differential cage, and the friction plates have the same speed as the side gears and drive shafts.

*Do you want more basic in-depth information about Frition Plate Limited Slip Differential(LSD)? Click .www.hiwowsport.com

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Attention should also be paid to the lock-in ratio, and urban areas with high lock-in ratios are not suitable

LSD can also be divided into different types of locking rates. The way of distinguishing can also be distinguished from the shape of the cam hole. The higher the angle is, the higher the locking rate is. At this time, the initial torque of the LSD operation is lower, that is, there is a slight difference in wheel speed between the two wheels. It will be locked to make the two wheels rotate synchronously; on the contrary, the lower the locking rate, the higher the allowable value of LSD for the difference in wheel speed between the left and right wheels. The locking rate can be from 15 degrees to 65 degrees. It is recommended to use a setting of 15~35 degrees for a tail-swing car and a street car. This is because if a general street car uses an LSD with a high locking rate, when turning at a low speed or reversing into the garage, the left and right tires will be easily locked. There is a difference in the rotation speed, and the driver needs to constantly replenish the oil to make the inner wheel make a idling sound of “brushing, brushing, brushing”, so that the vehicle can turn smoothly, making driving more difficult, losing the convenience of daily use, and accelerating tire wear. Speed, so unless you really love self-challenging mountain roads, or even a tail flick, don’t try LSD with a high lock rate easily.

Regarding the principle and application skills of mechanical LSD, it is not comparable to the advancement of drive technology. Take Audi Quattro four-wheel drive system as an example. Through high-speed computing computer, rudder angle/G value/wheel speed sensor, and electronic hydraulic pressure Drive friction disc type LSD, there is no so-called difference in way or locking rate, you can lock how you want to lock。

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Everyone knows that LSD is an indispensable kit for all kinds of racing cars, and also knows that its working hours are divided into 1 Way, 1.5 Way and 2 Way, but do you know why LSD is divided into these three types? How does each work?

This kind of mechanical LSD, which is widely used in modification and competition, can be divided into one-way 1-way and two-way 2-way according to different working times. The so-called one-way and two-way refers to the time of the LSD action. Only when the accelerator is opened and the left and right wheels produce slip, the limited-slip effect is 1 Way (one-way LSD); regardless of whether the accelerator is on or off, as long as The left and right drive tires that can generate slippage are continuously locked, which is called 2way (two-way LSD); and when the accelerator is opened, if it can have a half effect in the closed state, it is called 1.5 Way LSD (two-way LSD). .

In addition to the working timing, LSD can also be divided into different types of locking rates. The higher the angle of the cam hole, the higher the locking rate. The locking rate can be from 15 degrees to 65 degrees. The higher the value, the more suitable for racing cars, such as drift cars. A setting of 15~35 degrees is better.

As for how to distinguish the working characteristics of the limited slip differential, it can be identified from the shape of the cam hole on the pressure ring. The shape of the 1Way cam hole on the deceleration side is flat, and the 1.5 Way cam hole is slightly angled, but compared with the acceleration side. It is still slightly smooth, and the angle of the acceleration and deceleration side of 2Way is the same. Because the limited-slip force of the limited-slip differential has a direct relationship with the opening width of the cam top-opening pressure ring (the tighter the clutch plate is, the stronger the force), so the 1Way cam can only be pushed up during acceleration. Open the pressure loop, so it only works during acceleration; although the 1.5 Way can also open the pressure loop during deceleration, but because the angle is smaller than the acceleration side, the force is also smaller; as for the 2Way, the acceleration and deceleration side angles are the same, so The force during acceleration and deceleration is also the same. That is to say, because the working characteristics of LSD are determined by the design angle of the cam hole, the workability of mechanical LSD can be changed. One-way and two-way adjustment is a very thoughtful design.